Gerund Vs Present Participle

By Azizah chyaz_ , , Minggu, 14 November 2021 November 14, 2021

     Gerund Vs Present Participle

   Gerund and present participle are formed from the same formation, that is V + ING. But they are different in their use. 

        According to the Portland English Language Academy, a gerund acts like a verb or adjective. The gerund acts like a verb or adjective. The Gerund can be positioned as a subject or object in a sentence, while the present participle is positioned as a predicate or an adjective to describe a noun. 

There are some distinctions regarding the gerund and the present participle : 











     



          Both a gerund and a present participle come from a verb, and both end in –ing. However, each has a different function. A gerund acts like a noun while a present participle acts like a verb or adjective.

A. GERUND

             Gerund has function as a noun. Because it functions as a noun. In a sentence, the gerund can
     occupy the position of subject of verb, object of certain verb, object of preposition, and
     subjective complement.
             When snowboarding is gerund, it acts like a noun. It can be a subject, an object, the object
      of a preposition, or a subject complement. 

·         Snowboarding is a winter sport.   [snowboarding = subject]

·         I love snowboarding.    [snowboarding = object ]

·         I am excited by snowboarding.   [snowboarding = object of a preposition]

·         One popular sport is snowboarding.   [snowboarding = subject complement]

B. PRESENT PARTICIPLE           

              The present participle has a function as a verb or an adjective. The present participle
     comes after the auxiliary (be) to form the continuous tense. 
               When snowboarding is a present participle, it is part of a continuous verb tense.
  • Right now, the athlete is snowboarding, (is snowboarding = present continuous)
  • He was snowboarding yesterday afternoon. (was snowboarding = past continuous)


Conclusion of the difference

  1. Gerunds can only function as nouns, while present participles function as verbs and also adjective
  2. if you find the verb + ing after to be, then it is a present participle that function as verb. 
  3. If you find a verb + ing after to be and it functions as a subjective complement or a subject somplement, it is a gerund. 
  4. If you find a verb + ing, that comes before an noun, for example : a drawing book, then the verb + ing is a present participle that functions as adjective, not gerund.
  5. if you find verb + ing at the beginning of a sentence that functions a subject, for example : Running is her hobby. Then the verb + ing is a gerund. 
  6. If you find verb +ing after preposition, for example : I will watch TV before eating. So the verb +ing is a gerund as object of preposition
  7. If you fid the verb + ing after the possessive adjective, it is a gerund





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